Media & Data
Advanced

Bandwidth-Delay Product

Amount of data "in flight" on a network link at any instant.

Formula

BDP=Bandwidth×RTTBDP = \text{Bandwidth} \times RTT

Variables

BandwidthLink capacity (bits/s)
RTTRound-trip time (s)

Example

100 Mbps × 50 ms = 5 Mbit in flight

Did You Know?

The BDP sets the ideal TCP window size — set it too small and the link sits idle.

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