Structural, construction, and materials-engineering formulae.
Internal force per unit cross-sectional area.
Fractional deformation under load.
Ratio of stress to strain; measures material stiffness.
Ratio of a material strength to the actual applied stress.
Maximum deflection of a cantilever with an end load.
Second moment of area for a rectangular cross-section.
Stress in a beam due to a bending moment.
Total volume from cement, sand, and gravel parts.
Load per unit length of a beam.
Maximum bending moment for a simply supported beam under uniform load.
Change in length due to temperature change.
Mass per unit volume of a material.
Ratio governing column buckling.
Critical axial load at which a column buckles.
Cross-sectional flow area divided by wetted perimeter.
Ratio controlling concrete strength and workability.