Physics Laws & Theorems
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Gauss's Law

Electric flux through a closed surface is proportional to the enclosed charge.

Formula

∮E⃗⋅dA⃗=Qε0\oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} = \frac{Q}{\varepsilon_0}

Variables

\vec{E}Electric field
QEnclosed charge
\varepsilon_0Permittivity

Example

The electric flux out of any closed surface depends only on the charge inside it.

Did You Know?

Gauss's law is one of Maxwell's four equations that together describe all of electromagnetism.

electromagnetismgaussfluxmaxwelllaw