Trigonometry
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Sum to Product: sin A + sin B

Sum-to-product identity.

Formula

sin⁡A+sin⁡B=2sin⁡A+B2cos⁡A−B2\sin A + \sin B = 2\sin\tfrac{A+B}{2}\cos\tfrac{A-B}{2}

Variables

A,BAngles

How it works

This identity rewrites the sum of two sine values as a product involving the average angle and half the difference of the angles. It comes from the angle addition and subtraction formulas for sine: adding sin(A) and sin(B) and then regrouping the terms produces a factor of 2 sin((A+B)/2) and a cosine term that measures how far apart the angles are. It is especially useful because a messy sum can become easier to simplify, factor, or evaluate exactly.

When to use it

Use this when you need to simplify expressions like sin(75°) + sin(15°), solve trigonometric equations, or transform sums into products for factoring. It is also useful in signal processing and wave analysis, where combining two oscillations into an amplitude-modulated product form is often easier to interpret.

Worked example, step by step

Evaluate sin(80°) + sin(20°). Use the identity: sin A + sin B = 2 sin((A+B)/2) cos((A-B)/2) Let A = 80° and B = 20°. Compute the average angle: (80° + 20°)/2 = 50° Compute half the difference: (80° - 20°)/2 = 30° Substitute: sin(80°) + sin(20°) = 2 sin(50°) cos(30°) Use exact/known values: cos(30°) = √3/2 So: 2 sin(50°) cos(30°) = 2 sin(50°) (√3/2) = √3 sin(50°) Approximate: sin(50°) ≈ 0.7660 Final answer: sin(80°) + sin(20°) ≈ √3 × 0.7660 ≈ 1.327

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Using (A-B) instead of (A-B)/2 in the cosine factor
  • Forgetting that the average angle is (A+B)/2, not (A+B)
  • Swapping sine and cosine in the product form

Did You Know?

Sum-to-product formulas turn adding waves into multiplying them, revealing interference patterns in physics.

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Reviewed & maintained by the FormulaWon editorial teamLast reviewed September 2026