Sum to Product: sin A + sin B
Sum-to-product identity.
Formula
Variables
How it works
This identity rewrites the sum of two sine values as a product involving the average angle and half the difference of the angles. It comes from the angle addition and subtraction formulas for sine: adding sin(A) and sin(B) and then regrouping the terms produces a factor of 2 sin((A+B)/2) and a cosine term that measures how far apart the angles are. It is especially useful because a messy sum can become easier to simplify, factor, or evaluate exactly.
When to use it
Use this when you need to simplify expressions like sin(75°) + sin(15°), solve trigonometric equations, or transform sums into products for factoring. It is also useful in signal processing and wave analysis, where combining two oscillations into an amplitude-modulated product form is often easier to interpret.
Worked example, step by step
Evaluate sin(80°) + sin(20°). Use the identity: sin A + sin B = 2 sin((A+B)/2) cos((A-B)/2) Let A = 80° and B = 20°. Compute the average angle: (80° + 20°)/2 = 50° Compute half the difference: (80° - 20°)/2 = 30° Substitute: sin(80°) + sin(20°) = 2 sin(50°) cos(30°) Use exact/known values: cos(30°) = √3/2 So: 2 sin(50°) cos(30°) = 2 sin(50°) (√3/2) = √3 sin(50°) Approximate: sin(50°) ≈ 0.7660 Final answer: sin(80°) + sin(20°) ≈ √3 × 0.7660 ≈ 1.327
Common mistakes to avoid
- Using (A-B) instead of (A-B)/2 in the cosine factor
- Forgetting that the average angle is (A+B)/2, not (A+B)
- Swapping sine and cosine in the product form
Did You Know?
Sum-to-product formulas turn adding waves into multiplying them, revealing interference patterns in physics.
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More in Trigonometry
View allSine Ratio (SOH)
BasicRatio of the side opposite an angle to the hypotenuse.
Cosine Ratio (CAH)
BasicRatio of the side adjacent to an angle to the hypotenuse.
Tangent Ratio (TOA)
BasicRatio of the opposite side to the adjacent side.
Cosecant
IntermediateReciprocal of sine.
Secant
IntermediateReciprocal of cosine.
Cotangent
IntermediateReciprocal of tangent.