Quantum Computing
Intermediate
Qubit Superposition State
General state of a single qubit as a superposition of the computational basis states.
Formula
Variables
|\psi\rangleQubit state
\alphaAmplitude of |0⟩ (complex)
\betaAmplitude of |1⟩ (complex)
Example
α = 1/√2, β = 1/√2 → equal chance of 0 or 1
Did You Know?
A single qubit holds infinitely more information than a classical bit — but measurement collapses it to just 0 or 1.
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More in Quantum Computing
View allNormalisation Constraint
BasicThe squared amplitudes of a qubit must sum to 1, ensuring total probability is 100 %.
Hadamard Gate
IntermediatePuts a qubit into an equal superposition — the most common single-qubit gate.
Pauli-X Gate (Quantum NOT)
BasicFlips |0⟩ to |1⟩ and vice versa — the quantum equivalent of a classical NOT gate.
CNOT Gate
IntermediateTwo-qubit gate that flips the target qubit only when the control qubit is |1⟩.
Bell State (EPR Pair)
IntermediateMaximally entangled two-qubit state — measuring one qubit instantly determines the other.
Born Rule (Measurement Probability)
IntermediateProbability of measuring outcome |k⟩ from a quantum state |ψ⟩.