Sum of First n Cubes
Closed form for the sum of the first n cubes.
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Example
1³ + 2³ + 3³ = (3·4/2)² = 6² = 36. ✓
How it works
This identity says that if you add the cubes 1^3 + 2^3 + ... + n^3, the total is exactly the square of the triangular number n(n+1)/2. In other words, the sum of the first n cubes matches the sum 1 + 2 + ... + n multiplied by itself, which is why the result is always a perfect square. It can be proved by algebraic manipulation, induction, or by comparing consecutive square numbers: the jump from one square to the next is an odd number, and stacking those jumps creates the cubic sum pattern.
When to use it
Use this when you need a closed form for a cubic series instead of adding terms one by one, especially in algebra, combinatorics, or induction proofs. It is also useful for checking whether a computed sum of cubes should be a perfect square.
Worked example, step by step
Find the sum of the first 5 cubes. 1^3 + 2^3 + 3^3 + 4^3 + 5^3 = (5(5+1)/2)^2 = (5·6/2)^2 = 15^2 = 225
Common mistakes to avoid
- Using n^3 instead of the square of n(n+1)/2
- Forgetting that the formula starts at k = 1, not k = 0
- Doing the multiplication inside the fraction incorrectly before squaring
Did You Know?
Amazingly, the sum of the first n cubes equals the square of the sum of the first n numbers.
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